“torsion balance”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

torsion balance

Physics

An instrument for measuring very weak forces. It consists of a horizontal rod fixed to the end of a vertical wire or fibre or to the centre of a taut horizontal wire. The forces to be measured are applied to the end or ends of the rod. The turning of the rod may be measured by the displacement of a beam of light reflected from a plane mirror attached to it. The best-known form is that used by Henry Cavendish and later by Sir Charles Boys (1855–1944) to determine the gravitational constant; in this form the balance is calibrated by determining the torsional coefficient of the suspension by treating the device as a torsional pendulum.

Geology and Earth Sciences

A weighing instrument in which the required weight of a sample is set by rotating a lever to move a needle to the appropriate position on a graduated scale, and then the sample is added to the weighing pan, a little at a time, until it counterbalances the pre-set weight precisely and the needle is brought back to the ‘zero’ position. This is a useful and rapid technique when large numbers of routine weighings need to be performed in the range of 0.01–5.0 g.

单词	torsion balance
释义	torsion balance Physics An instrument for measuring very weak forces. It consists of a horizontal rod fixed to the end of a vertical wire or fibre or to the centre of a taut horizontal wire. The forces to be measured are applied to the end or ends of the rod. The turning of the rod may be measured by the displacement of a beam of light reflected from a plane mirror attached to it. The best-known form is that used by Henry Cavendish and later by Sir Charles Boys (1855–1944) to determine the gravitational constant; in this form the balance is calibrated by determining the torsional coefficient of the suspension by treating the device as a torsional pendulum. Geology and Earth Sciences A weighing instrument in which the required weight of a sample is set by rotating a lever to move a needle to the appropriate position on a graduated scale, and then the sample is added to the weighing pan, a little at a time, until it counterbalances the pre-set weight precisely and the needle is brought back to the ‘zero’ position. This is a useful and rapid technique when large numbers of routine weighings need to be performed in the range of 0.01–5.0 g.
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