“terminator”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

terminator

Physics

The boundary, on the surface of the moon or a planet, between the sunlit area and the dark area.

Astronomy

The dividing line between the sunlit and night portions of a planet or satellite. It is the line of sunrise or sunset.

Space Exploration

The line across the Earth (or other planet) that separates day and night (or dark and light). A space shuttle passes a terminator every 45 minutes, so that it experiences 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets every 24 hours.

Computer

1. A symbol that marks the end of a statement in a programming language (frequently a semicolon).
2. Another name for rogue value.

Internet

A hardware device which is placed at the end of a transmission line in a network. Its function is to absorb signals so that they do not bounce back into the network and cause problems.

Biology

A sequence of bases in DNA that signals the termination of transcription of a gene or operon and release of the RNA transcript from the RNA polymerase. Prokaryotes have two different mechanisms of termination: rho-dependent termination involves binding of a protein transcription factor called rho to a specific site on the newly formed transcript. Meanwhile, the RNA polymerase stalls at a site downstream on the DNA molecule called a transcription stop point. Rho then moves along the transcript to the RNA polymerase and causes the transcript to dissociate from the template strand of the DNA. In rho-independent termination, the end of a gene is marked by a particular sequence called an inverted repeat, followed by a string of adenine (A) bases. This causes the RNA transcript to form a hairpin loop structure followed by a string of uracil (U) bases. The hairpin loop causes the RNA polymerase to stall, and the weak binding between the Us on the RNA and the As on the DNA template strand enables release of the RNA transcript. In eukaryotes, the mechanism of termination varies according to the type of RNA polymerase. Specific terminator sequences have been identified for types I and III RNA polymerases, whereas termination for RNA polymerase type II, responsible for transcribing protein-coding genes, is more complex, with cleavage of the pre-messenger RNA occurring before the polymerase has stopped transcribing.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The line on the visible disc of a planet or satellite which separates the sunlit and shaded regions, marking sunrise and sunset. Because the Sun angle is very low near the terminator, small details (e.g. lava-flow fronts on the Moon) become clearly visible.

单词	terminator
释义	terminator Physics The boundary, on the surface of the moon or a planet, between the sunlit area and the dark area. Astronomy The dividing line between the sunlit and night portions of a planet or satellite. It is the line of sunrise or sunset. Space Exploration The line across the Earth (or other planet) that separates day and night (or dark and light). A space shuttle passes a terminator every 45 minutes, so that it experiences 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets every 24 hours. Computer 1. A symbol that marks the end of a statement in a programming language (frequently a semicolon). 2. Another name for rogue value. Internet A hardware device which is placed at the end of a transmission line in a network. Its function is to absorb signals so that they do not bounce back into the network and cause problems. Biology A sequence of bases in DNA that signals the termination of transcription of a gene or operon and release of the RNA transcript from the RNA polymerase. Prokaryotes have two different mechanisms of termination: rho-dependent termination involves binding of a protein transcription factor called rho to a specific site on the newly formed transcript. Meanwhile, the RNA polymerase stalls at a site downstream on the DNA molecule called a transcription stop point. Rho then moves along the transcript to the RNA polymerase and causes the transcript to dissociate from the template strand of the DNA. In rho-independent termination, the end of a gene is marked by a particular sequence called an inverted repeat, followed by a string of adenine (A) bases. This causes the RNA transcript to form a hairpin loop structure followed by a string of uracil (U) bases. The hairpin loop causes the RNA polymerase to stall, and the weak binding between the Us on the RNA and the As on the DNA template strand enables release of the RNA transcript. In eukaryotes, the mechanism of termination varies according to the type of RNA polymerase. Specific terminator sequences have been identified for types I and III RNA polymerases, whereas termination for RNA polymerase type II, responsible for transcribing protein-coding genes, is more complex, with cleavage of the pre-messenger RNA occurring before the polymerase has stopped transcribing. Geology and Earth Sciences The line on the visible disc of a planet or satellite which separates the sunlit and shaded regions, marking sunrise and sunset. Because the Sun angle is very low near the terminator, small details (e.g. lava-flow fronts on the Moon) become clearly visible.
随便看	Greenwich sidereal date Greenwich Sidereal Time Greenwood formula Greenwood, Major (1880–1949) Green’s function Green’s theorem Gregorian calendar Gregorian telescope Gregor, William Gregory, Frederick Drew (1941– ) Gregory I, St (540–604) Gregory, James Gregory, James (1638–75) Gregory of Rimini (c.1300–58) Gregory VII, St (1021–85) Gregory, William George (1957– ) Gregory–Newton forward difference formula Greibach normal form greisen Greisen–Zatsephin–Kuzmin limit Grelling’s paradox Grenada Grenville, George (1712–70) Grenville, Sir Richard (1542–91) Grenville, William Wyndham, Baron (1759–1834)