“symbiosis”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

symbiosis

Biology

A long-term intimate relationship between individuals of different species (symbionts). The term symbiosis is often used to describe relationships in which both species benefit (see cooperation; mutualism), but it may be used for other close associations, such as commensalism, inquilinism, and parasitism. Many symbioses are obligatory (i.e. the participants cannot survive without the interaction); for example, a lichen is an obligatory symbiotic relationship between an alga or a cyanobacterium and a fungus. See also endosymbiont theory.

Geology and Earth Sciences

A general term describing the situation in which dissimilar organisms live together in close association. As originally defined, the term embraces all types of mutualistic and parasitic relationships. In modern use it is often restricted to mutually beneficial species interactions.

Geography

An association of two participants whereby both partners benefit, as when flowering plants rely on insects for pollination and the insects feed on their nectar. Industrial symbiosis describes organic relationships between dissimilar industries; see Lyons (2005) Local Env. 10, 1 on the use of waste products from one industry as input to another. See Wu and Wall (2005) Int. J. Tourism Res. 7 on economic and environmental symbiosis in tourism.

单词	symbiosis
释义	symbiosis Biology A long-term intimate relationship between individuals of different species (symbionts). The term symbiosis is often used to describe relationships in which both species benefit (see cooperation; mutualism), but it may be used for other close associations, such as commensalism, inquilinism, and parasitism. Many symbioses are obligatory (i.e. the participants cannot survive without the interaction); for example, a lichen is an obligatory symbiotic relationship between an alga or a cyanobacterium and a fungus. See also endosymbiont theory. Geology and Earth Sciences A general term describing the situation in which dissimilar organisms live together in close association. As originally defined, the term embraces all types of mutualistic and parasitic relationships. In modern use it is often restricted to mutually beneficial species interactions. Geography An association of two participants whereby both partners benefit, as when flowering plants rely on insects for pollination and the insects feed on their nectar. Industrial symbiosis describes organic relationships between dissimilar industries; see Lyons (2005) Local Env. 10, 1 on the use of waste products from one industry as input to another. See Wu and Wall (2005) Int. J. Tourism Res. 7 on economic and environmental symbiosis in tourism.
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