“surface tension”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

surface tension

Physics

Symbol γ‎. The property of a liquid that makes it behave as if its surface is enclosed in an elastic skin. The property results from intermolecular forces: a molecule in the interior of a liquid experiences interactions with other molecules equally from all sides, whereas a molecule at the surface is only affected by molecules below it in the liquid. The surface tension is defined as the force acting over the surface per unit length of surface perpendicular to the force. It is measured in newtons per metre. It can equally be defined as the energy required to increase the surface area isothermally by one square metre, i.e. it can be measured in joules per metre squared (which is equivalent to N m⁻¹).

The property of surface tension is responsible for the formation of liquid drops, soap bubbles, and meniscuses, as well as the rise of liquids in a capillary tube (capillarity), the absorption of liquids by porous substances, and the ability of liquids to wet a surface.

http://www.kayelaby.npl.co.uk/general_physics/2_2/2_2_5.html Values of surface tension at the NPL website

Chemistry

The property of a liquid that makes it behave as if its surface is enclosed in an elastic skin. The property results from intermolecular forces: a molecule in the interior of a liquid experiences interactions from other molecules equally from all sides, whereas a molecule at the surface is only affected by molecules below it in the liquid. The surface tension is defined as the force acting over the surface per unit length of surface perpendicular to the force. It is measured in newtons per metre. It can equally be defined as the energy required to increase the surface area isothermally by one square metre, i.e. it can be measured in joules per metre squared (which is equivalent to N m⁻¹).
The property of surface tension is responsible for the formation of liquid drops, soap bubbles, and meniscuses, as well as the rise of liquids in a capillary tube (capillarity), the absorption of liquids by porous substances, and the ability of liquids to wet a surface.

Chemical Engineering

The force that acts on the surface of a liquid tending to minimize the surface area. The effect is caused by the attraction of molecules of the liquid to produce a film of tension over the surface. The SI unit is N m⁻¹. The c.g.s. unit of dyne per cm is still in common usage where 1 dyne cm⁻¹ = 0.001 N m⁻¹.The surface tension of a liquid can be measured from the contact angle of a drop of a liquid on a surface. Other methods include a Du Nouy tensiometer, which consists of a ring of wire placed on the surface of a liquid and measuring the force to remove it from the surface. The drop weight method involves a drop of liquid hanging from the end of a capillary tube. The downward force is supported by the surface tension just before detachment. The weight and radius of the drop can be measured, from which the surface tension can be determined.

Biology

Symbol γ‎. The property of a liquid that makes it behave as if its surface is enclosed in an elastic skin. The property results from intermolecular forces: a molecule in the interior of a liquid experiences a force of attraction from other molecules equally from all sides, whereas a molecule at the surface is only attracted by molecules below it in the liquid. The surface tension is defined as the force acting over the surface per unit length of surface perpendicular to the force. It is measured in newtons per metre. It can equally be defined as the energy required to increase the surface area by one square metre, i.e. it can be measured in joules per metre squared (which is equivalent to N m⁻¹).
The surface tension of water is very strong, due to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and is responsible for the formation of drops, bubbles, and meniscuses (the curved surfaces of columns of liquid), as well as the rise of water in a capillary tube (capillarity), the absorption of liquids by porous substances, and the ability of liquids to wet a surface. Capillarity is very important in plants as it contributes to the transport of water, against gravity, within the plant.

Geology and Earth Sciences

Fluid surfaces may take on the behaviour of a stretched elastic membrane as a result of the tendency of a liquid surface to contract. The surface tension of a liquid is given as the tension across a unit length of the fluid surface. Surface tension is temperature-dependent and is closely associated with capillarity.

单词	surface tension
释义	surface tension Physics Symbol γ‎. The property of a liquid that makes it behave as if its surface is enclosed in an elastic skin. The property results from intermolecular forces: a molecule in the interior of a liquid experiences interactions with other molecules equally from all sides, whereas a molecule at the surface is only affected by molecules below it in the liquid. The surface tension is defined as the force acting over the surface per unit length of surface perpendicular to the force. It is measured in newtons per metre. It can equally be defined as the energy required to increase the surface area isothermally by one square metre, i.e. it can be measured in joules per metre squared (which is equivalent to N m⁻¹). The property of surface tension is responsible for the formation of liquid drops, soap bubbles, and meniscuses, as well as the rise of liquids in a capillary tube (capillarity), the absorption of liquids by porous substances, and the ability of liquids to wet a surface. http://www.kayelaby.npl.co.uk/general_physics/2_2/2_2_5.html Values of surface tension at the NPL website Chemistry The property of a liquid that makes it behave as if its surface is enclosed in an elastic skin. The property results from intermolecular forces: a molecule in the interior of a liquid experiences interactions from other molecules equally from all sides, whereas a molecule at the surface is only affected by molecules below it in the liquid. The surface tension is defined as the force acting over the surface per unit length of surface perpendicular to the force. It is measured in newtons per metre. It can equally be defined as the energy required to increase the surface area isothermally by one square metre, i.e. it can be measured in joules per metre squared (which is equivalent to N m⁻¹). The property of surface tension is responsible for the formation of liquid drops, soap bubbles, and meniscuses, as well as the rise of liquids in a capillary tube (capillarity), the absorption of liquids by porous substances, and the ability of liquids to wet a surface. Chemical Engineering The force that acts on the surface of a liquid tending to minimize the surface area. The effect is caused by the attraction of molecules of the liquid to produce a film of tension over the surface. The SI unit is N m⁻¹. The c.g.s. unit of dyne per cm is still in common usage where 1 dyne cm⁻¹ = 0.001 N m⁻¹.The surface tension of a liquid can be measured from the contact angle of a drop of a liquid on a surface. Other methods include a Du Nouy tensiometer, which consists of a ring of wire placed on the surface of a liquid and measuring the force to remove it from the surface. The drop weight method involves a drop of liquid hanging from the end of a capillary tube. The downward force is supported by the surface tension just before detachment. The weight and radius of the drop can be measured, from which the surface tension can be determined. Biology Symbol γ‎. The property of a liquid that makes it behave as if its surface is enclosed in an elastic skin. The property results from intermolecular forces: a molecule in the interior of a liquid experiences a force of attraction from other molecules equally from all sides, whereas a molecule at the surface is only attracted by molecules below it in the liquid. The surface tension is defined as the force acting over the surface per unit length of surface perpendicular to the force. It is measured in newtons per metre. It can equally be defined as the energy required to increase the surface area by one square metre, i.e. it can be measured in joules per metre squared (which is equivalent to N m⁻¹). The surface tension of water is very strong, due to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and is responsible for the formation of drops, bubbles, and meniscuses (the curved surfaces of columns of liquid), as well as the rise of water in a capillary tube (capillarity), the absorption of liquids by porous substances, and the ability of liquids to wet a surface. Capillarity is very important in plants as it contributes to the transport of water, against gravity, within the plant. Geology and Earth Sciences Fluid surfaces may take on the behaviour of a stretched elastic membrane as a result of the tendency of a liquid surface to contract. The surface tension of a liquid is given as the tension across a unit length of the fluid surface. Surface tension is temperature-dependent and is closely associated with capillarity.
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