A scientific discipline that uses ecological theory to study, design, manage, and evaluate agricultural systems that are productive but also resource conserving. It is concerned with the maintenance of a productive agriculture that sustains yields and optimizes the use of local resources while minimizing the negative environmental and socio-economic impacts of modern technologies.

http://www.timbaktu.org/our-programmes/ecology/ An excellent site on agroecology in the Timbaktu, Andhra Pradesh, India.