Democracy, equity, diversity, growth, and sustainability are indispensable to the creation of just cities (Fainstein (2005) Urb. Affairs Rev. 41): ‘I did not attempt a justification for choosing these values but simply assumed agreement on them.’ These are problematic: ‘illiberal majorities can make democracy indifferent to minority rights; the high cost of achieving equity [can create] resentment…diversity can lead to social breakdown; and growth…benefits most those who already have the most. Sustainability may diminish growth’ (Fainstein (2006) Lecture on the Just City). She later writes, ‘if the city is composed of diverse communities, conflict arises over whose definition of justice should prevail’ (‘The Resurgent City’). P. Marcuse et al. (2009) provide an outstanding review of the different debates and theories that have emerged over time with respect to the ‘just city’.

http://web.mit.edu/cis/jerusalem2050/ MIT’s ‘Just Jerusalem’.