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单词 agent
释义
agent

Computer
  • An autonomous system that receives information from its environment, processes it, and performs actions on that environment. Agents may have different degrees of intelligence or rationality, and may be implemented in software, hardware, or both.

    Software agents operate in symbolic environments, and perceive and act upon strings of symbols; examples include personal assistant agents that enhance and customize facilities for computer users, and data mining agents that search for interesting patterns in large databases. In a distributed system, the agent for a remote procedure call is in a different computer from the caller; its environment is the network and the procedure body. A robot (see robotics) is an example of an agent that perceives its physical environment through sensors and acts through effectors.


Internet
  • A program which helps a user carry out some computer-related task. For example, an agent might be used to remind the user of a network that he or she should be sending a message to another user by a certain time.


Geography
  • An entity which can take a role; a function, service, or identity. Müller (2007) Area 39, 2 calls the geographer ‘an active agent who moulds the production of meaning’. Bondi (2005) Antipode 37, 3 holds that neoliberalism envisages people as autonomous, individualized, self-directing, decision-making agents. ‘Interdependencies between agents are constrained by social and spatial structure, but, over time, structure and agency are mutually constituted’ (Plummer and Sheppard (2006) J. Econ. Geog. 6). The term ‘agent-based model’ refers to ‘a broad class of computational models known also as “multi-agent models”. As the name suggests, the model consists of a number of different “agents” that represent real-world entities such as households, businesses, individuals, and so forth. Each agent follows a set of relatively simple rules (an algorithm) controlling its interactions with other adjacent agents and its immediate environment over time’ (Green (2013) TIBG 38, 1, 2).


Philosophy
  • One who acts. The central problem of agency is to understand the difference between events happening in me or to me, and my taking control of events, or doing things. See action, determinism, free will, will.


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