“infrared radiation”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

infrared radiation

Physics

Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than that of red light but shorter than radiowaves, i.e. radiation in the wavelength range 0.7 micrometre to 1 millimetre. It was discovered in 1800 by William Herschel (1738–1822) in the sun’s spectrum. The natural vibrational frequencies of atoms and molecules and the rotational frequencies of some gaseous molecules fall in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The infrared absorption spectrum of a molecule is highly characteristic of it and the spectrum can therefore be used for molecular identification. Glass is opaque to infrared radiation of wavelength greater than 2 micrometres and other materials, such as germanium, quartz, and polyethylene, have to be used to make lenses and prisms. Photographic film can be made sensitive to infrared up to about 1.2 μm‎.

Astronomy

Electromagnetic radiation at longer wavelengths than visible light, but shorter than radio waves. The infrared region extends beyond the red end of the visible spectrum from approximately 700 nm to 1 mm. See also Far Infrared; Near Infrared.

Space Exploration

An electromagnetic radiation of wavelength between about 0.75 micrometres and 1 millimetre—that is, between the limit of the red end of the visible spectrum and the shortest microwaves. All bodies above absolute zero in temperature absorb and radiate infrared radiation. Infrared radiation is used in medical photography and treatment, and in industry, astronomy, and criminology.
The human eye cannot detect infrared, but its effects can be demonstrated. For example, an electric hob operates at high temperatures and only the visible light it gives out can be seen. As it cools down, the visible light is no longer seen; however, the heat (infrared radiation) that continues to be given out can be felt. Infrared absorption spectra are used in chemical analysis, particularly for organic compounds. Objects that radiate infrared radiation can be photographed or made visible in the dark on specially sensitized emulsions.

Chemistry

Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than that of red light but shorter than radiowaves, i.e. radiation in the wavelength range 0.7 micrometre to 1 millimetre. It was discovered in 1800 by William Herschel (1738–1822) in the sun’s spectrum. The natural vibrational frequencies of atoms and molecules and the rotational frequencies of some gaseous molecules fall in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The infrared absorption spectrum of a molecule is highly characteristic of it and the spectrum can therefore be used for molecular identification. Glass is opaque to infrared radiation of wavelength greater than 2 micrometres and other materials, such as germanium, quartz, and polyethylene, have to be used to make lenses and prisms. Photographic film can be made sensitive to infrared up to about 1.2 μm‎.

Chemical Engineering

A part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum that corresponds to wavelengths between those of microwaves and those of visible light (i.e. 10⁻⁶ and 10⁻³ m). While invisible to the naked eye, infrared radiation is perceived as heat. Infrared spectroscopy is an important technique in analytical chemistry since the infrared adsorption of molecules is characteristic of it and the spectrum can be used for molecular identification. Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by German-born British astronomer William Herschel (1738–1822) in the sun’s spectrum.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiation extending from the limit of the red end of the visible spectrum to the microwave region. The infrared region extends from about 730 nanometres to about 300 micrometres in wavelength. Infrared radiation is emitted by hot bodies, and is detected by devices such as bolometers, thermopiles (see thermocouple), and photocells.

Geology and Earth Sciences

Electromagnetic radiation which has a wavelength between 0.7 μ‎m and 100 μ‎m. See also near-infrared; mid-infrared; reflected infrared; thermal infrared.

单词	infrared radiation
释义	infrared radiation Physics Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than that of red light but shorter than radiowaves, i.e. radiation in the wavelength range 0.7 micrometre to 1 millimetre. It was discovered in 1800 by William Herschel (1738–1822) in the sun’s spectrum. The natural vibrational frequencies of atoms and molecules and the rotational frequencies of some gaseous molecules fall in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The infrared absorption spectrum of a molecule is highly characteristic of it and the spectrum can therefore be used for molecular identification. Glass is opaque to infrared radiation of wavelength greater than 2 micrometres and other materials, such as germanium, quartz, and polyethylene, have to be used to make lenses and prisms. Photographic film can be made sensitive to infrared up to about 1.2 μm‎. Astronomy Electromagnetic radiation at longer wavelengths than visible light, but shorter than radio waves. The infrared region extends beyond the red end of the visible spectrum from approximately 700 nm to 1 mm. See also Far Infrared; Near Infrared. Space Exploration An electromagnetic radiation of wavelength between about 0.75 micrometres and 1 millimetre—that is, between the limit of the red end of the visible spectrum and the shortest microwaves. All bodies above absolute zero in temperature absorb and radiate infrared radiation. Infrared radiation is used in medical photography and treatment, and in industry, astronomy, and criminology. The human eye cannot detect infrared, but its effects can be demonstrated. For example, an electric hob operates at high temperatures and only the visible light it gives out can be seen. As it cools down, the visible light is no longer seen; however, the heat (infrared radiation) that continues to be given out can be felt. Infrared absorption spectra are used in chemical analysis, particularly for organic compounds. Objects that radiate infrared radiation can be photographed or made visible in the dark on specially sensitized emulsions. Chemistry Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than that of red light but shorter than radiowaves, i.e. radiation in the wavelength range 0.7 micrometre to 1 millimetre. It was discovered in 1800 by William Herschel (1738–1822) in the sun’s spectrum. The natural vibrational frequencies of atoms and molecules and the rotational frequencies of some gaseous molecules fall in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The infrared absorption spectrum of a molecule is highly characteristic of it and the spectrum can therefore be used for molecular identification. Glass is opaque to infrared radiation of wavelength greater than 2 micrometres and other materials, such as germanium, quartz, and polyethylene, have to be used to make lenses and prisms. Photographic film can be made sensitive to infrared up to about 1.2 μm‎. Chemical Engineering A part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum that corresponds to wavelengths between those of microwaves and those of visible light (i.e. 10⁻⁶ and 10⁻³ m). While invisible to the naked eye, infrared radiation is perceived as heat. Infrared spectroscopy is an important technique in analytical chemistry since the infrared adsorption of molecules is characteristic of it and the spectrum can be used for molecular identification. Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by German-born British astronomer William Herschel (1738–1822) in the sun’s spectrum. Electronics and Electrical Engineering The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiation extending from the limit of the red end of the visible spectrum to the microwave region. The infrared region extends from about 730 nanometres to about 300 micrometres in wavelength. Infrared radiation is emitted by hot bodies, and is detected by devices such as bolometers, thermopiles (see thermocouple), and photocells. Geology and Earth Sciences Electromagnetic radiation which has a wavelength between 0.7 μ‎m and 100 μ‎m. See also near-infrared; mid-infrared; reflected infrared; thermal infrared.
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