King of England (1413–22), eldest son of Henry IV. He was a skilful military leader, with experience gained in campaigning against Owen Glendower, and took advantage of French weakness by claiming the French crown (1413) and then invading France (1415), where he won the magnificent victory of Agincourt. In 1417 he invaded France again, and again fortune favoured him. He was able to conclude the very favourable Treaty of Troyes (1420), by which he was to succeed to the French crown at Charles VI’s death and meantime to marry Charles’s daughter, Katherine of Valois. However, he died only 15 months later. He was a popular hero, as celebrated in Shakespeare’s play Henry V, and restored civil order in England in addition to his French campaigns.