“heavy water”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

heavy water

Physics

Water in which hydrogen atoms, ¹H, are replaced by the heavier isotope deuterium, ²H (symbol D). It is a colourless liquid, which forms hexagonal crystals on freezing. Its physical properties differ from those of ‘normal’ water; r.d. 1.105; m.p. 3.8°C; b.p. 101.4°C. Deuterium oxide, D₂O, occurs to a small extent (about 0.003% by weight) in natural water, from which it can be separated by fractional distillation or by electrolysis. It is useful in the nuclear industry because of its ability to reduce the energies of fast neutrons to thermal energies (see moderator) and because its absorption cross-section is lower than that of hydrogen and consequently it does not appreciably reduce the neutron flux. Water also contains the compound HDO.

Chemistry

Water in which hydrogen atoms, ¹H, are replaced by the heavier isotope deuterium, ²H (symbol D). It is a colourless liquid, which forms hexagonal crystals on freezing. Its physical properties differ from those of ‘normal’ water; r.d. 1.105; m.p. 3.8°C; b.p. 101.4°C. Deuterium oxide, D₂O, occurs to a small extent (about 0.003% by weight) in natural water, from which it can be separated by fractional distillation or by electrolysis. It is useful in the nuclear industry because of its ability to reduce the energies of fast neutrons to thermal energies and because its absorption cross-section is lower than that of hydrogen and consequently it does not appreciably reduce the neutron flux. In the laboratory it is used for labelling other molecules for studies of reaction mechanisms. Water also contains the compound HDO.

Chemical Engineering

Water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium oxide (D₂O). Deuterium is a heavier isotope of hydrogen. Heavy water has slightly different properties than H₂O with a melting point of 3.8ºC and boiling point of 101.4ºC. It is found naturally in water in very small amounts and can be separated and concentrated by fractional distillation or by electrolytic separation. It is used as a moderator in the nuclear industry due to its ability to reduce the energy of fast-moving neutrons.

单词	heavy water
释义	heavy water Physics Water in which hydrogen atoms, ¹H, are replaced by the heavier isotope deuterium, ²H (symbol D). It is a colourless liquid, which forms hexagonal crystals on freezing. Its physical properties differ from those of ‘normal’ water; r.d. 1.105; m.p. 3.8°C; b.p. 101.4°C. Deuterium oxide, D₂O, occurs to a small extent (about 0.003% by weight) in natural water, from which it can be separated by fractional distillation or by electrolysis. It is useful in the nuclear industry because of its ability to reduce the energies of fast neutrons to thermal energies (see moderator) and because its absorption cross-section is lower than that of hydrogen and consequently it does not appreciably reduce the neutron flux. Water also contains the compound HDO. Chemistry Water in which hydrogen atoms, ¹H, are replaced by the heavier isotope deuterium, ²H (symbol D). It is a colourless liquid, which forms hexagonal crystals on freezing. Its physical properties differ from those of ‘normal’ water; r.d. 1.105; m.p. 3.8°C; b.p. 101.4°C. Deuterium oxide, D₂O, occurs to a small extent (about 0.003% by weight) in natural water, from which it can be separated by fractional distillation or by electrolysis. It is useful in the nuclear industry because of its ability to reduce the energies of fast neutrons to thermal energies and because its absorption cross-section is lower than that of hydrogen and consequently it does not appreciably reduce the neutron flux. In the laboratory it is used for labelling other molecules for studies of reaction mechanisms. Water also contains the compound HDO. Chemical Engineering Water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium oxide (D₂O). Deuterium is a heavier isotope of hydrogen. Heavy water has slightly different properties than H₂O with a melting point of 3.8ºC and boiling point of 101.4ºC. It is found naturally in water in very small amounts and can be separated and concentrated by fractional distillation or by electrolytic separation. It is used as a moderator in the nuclear industry due to its ability to reduce the energy of fast-moving neutrons.
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