who played a leading part in the opposition to Charles I’s arbitrary government. In 1627 he was imprisoned for refusing to pay the “forced loan” imposed by Charles to finance his unpopular foreign campaigns. Ten years later he was prosecuted for refusing to pay ship money. As a member of the Long Parliament he was prominent in the impeachment of Strafford, and a close ally of John Pym. In 1642 he survived the king’s attempt to arrest him (five members), and was appointed to the Committee of Safety to organize the parliamentary English Civil War effort. He died of wounds received in action.