“haloform reaction”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

haloform reaction

Chemistry

A reaction for producing haloforms from methyl ketones. An example is the production of chloroform from propanone using sodium chlorate(I) (or bleaching powder):
${CH}_{3} {COCH}_{3} + 3 NaOCl \to {CH}_{3} {COCl}_{3} + 3 NaOH$
The substituted ketone then reacts to give chloroform (trichloromethane):
${CH}_{3} {COCCl}_{3} + NaOH \to {NaOCOCH}_{3} + {CHCl}_{3}$
The reaction can also be used for making carboxylic acids, since RCOCH₃ gives the product NaOCOR. It is particularly useful for aromatic acids as the starting ketone can be made by a Friedel–Crafts acylation.
The reaction of methyl ketones with sodium iodate(I) gives iodoform (triiodomethane), which is a yellow solid with a characteristic smell. This reaction is used in the iodoform test to identify methyl ketones. It also gives a positive result with a secondary alcohol of the formula RCH(OH)CH₃ (which is first oxidized to a methylketone) or with ethanol (oxidized to ethanal, which also undergoes the reaction).

单词	haloform reaction
释义	haloform reaction Chemistry A reaction for producing haloforms from methyl ketones. An example is the production of chloroform from propanone using sodium chlorate(I) (or bleaching powder): ${CH}_{3} {COCH}_{3} + 3 NaOCl \to {CH}_{3} {COCl}_{3} + 3 NaOH$ The substituted ketone then reacts to give chloroform (trichloromethane): ${CH}_{3} {COCCl}_{3} + NaOH \to {NaOCOCH}_{3} + {CHCl}_{3}$ The reaction can also be used for making carboxylic acids, since RCOCH₃ gives the product NaOCOR. It is particularly useful for aromatic acids as the starting ketone can be made by a Friedel–Crafts acylation. The reaction of methyl ketones with sodium iodate(I) gives iodoform (triiodomethane), which is a yellow solid with a characteristic smell. This reaction is used in the iodoform test to identify methyl ketones. It also gives a positive result with a secondary alcohol of the formula RCH(OH)CH₃ (which is first oxidized to a methylketone) or with ethanol (oxidized to ethanal, which also undergoes the reaction).
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