“remote sensing”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

remote sensing

Physics

The gathering and recording of information concerning the earth’s surface by techniques that do not involve actual contact with the object or area under study. These techniques include photography (e.g. aerial photography), multispectral imagery, infrared imagery, and radar. Remote sensing is generally carried out from aircraft and, increasingly, satellites. The techniques are used, for example, in cartography (map making).

Astronomy

Any technique for obtaining information about an object without coming into direct contact with it. In this broad sense it includes all the techniques used in ground-based and space astronomy. In terrestrial studies it refers particularly to satellite-borne instrumentation designed to observe features on or above the Earth’s surface. Sophisticated remote-sensing techniques, such as synthetic-aperture radar, have been responsible for enormous improvements in our knowledge of the surfaces of Venus and Titan, for example. Spectroscopic methods such as infrared radiometry and colorimetry have been used to study the surface compositions of asteroids.

Space Exploration

The gathering and recording of information from a distance. Remote sensing usually refers to photographing the Earth's surface with orbiting satellites, but space probes have sent back photographs and data about planets as distant as Neptune.
Satellites such as Landsat have surveyed all of the Earth's surface from orbit.

Computer

The technique whereby sensors located remotely from a computer are used to produce inputs for a digital system. These inputs are then transmitted either by wire or radio techniques to the computer. An example is the use of digital thermometers and humidity detectors in large buildings: the sensors transmit their readings to a central computer that optimizes energy use by regulating heat and air conditioning. Recent developments enable wireless sensors to connect with each other to form wireless sensor networks.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

Techniques to measure and assess an object without direct contact and usually from some distance. The term is mainly associated with the use of high-altitude balloons, aircraft, and satellites to observe features on the ground. Passive techniques, such as photography, use sensors to pick up electromagnetic radiation radiating from the object under study. Active techniques, such as radar or lidar, transmit electromagnetic radiation towards the object of interest and then record the reflected part that returns to the sensor. One of the most important applications for remote sensing today is that of environmental monitoring.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The gathering of information without actual physical contact with what is being observed. This involves the use of radars, sonars, spectrosocopy, and the use of airborne and satellite photography. See bistatic radar; imaging; laser ranging; polarimetry; radar altimetry; radiometry; radio occultation.

Geography

The scanning of the Earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it. ‘Remote sensing technology is deemed to include photo interpretation, photogrammetry, aerial photography, image processing, and other related technologies in the field of survey, planning, and management of natural resources, and other areas of application where the technology is considered to be appropriate’ (Indian J. Remote Sensing).

单词	remote sensing
释义	remote sensing Physics The gathering and recording of information concerning the earth’s surface by techniques that do not involve actual contact with the object or area under study. These techniques include photography (e.g. aerial photography), multispectral imagery, infrared imagery, and radar. Remote sensing is generally carried out from aircraft and, increasingly, satellites. The techniques are used, for example, in cartography (map making). Astronomy Any technique for obtaining information about an object without coming into direct contact with it. In this broad sense it includes all the techniques used in ground-based and space astronomy. In terrestrial studies it refers particularly to satellite-borne instrumentation designed to observe features on or above the Earth’s surface. Sophisticated remote-sensing techniques, such as synthetic-aperture radar, have been responsible for enormous improvements in our knowledge of the surfaces of Venus and Titan, for example. Spectroscopic methods such as infrared radiometry and colorimetry have been used to study the surface compositions of asteroids. Space Exploration The gathering and recording of information from a distance. Remote sensing usually refers to photographing the Earth's surface with orbiting satellites, but space probes have sent back photographs and data about planets as distant as Neptune. Satellites such as Landsat have surveyed all of the Earth's surface from orbit. Computer The technique whereby sensors located remotely from a computer are used to produce inputs for a digital system. These inputs are then transmitted either by wire or radio techniques to the computer. An example is the use of digital thermometers and humidity detectors in large buildings: the sensors transmit their readings to a central computer that optimizes energy use by regulating heat and air conditioning. Recent developments enable wireless sensors to connect with each other to form wireless sensor networks. Electronics and Electrical Engineering Techniques to measure and assess an object without direct contact and usually from some distance. The term is mainly associated with the use of high-altitude balloons, aircraft, and satellites to observe features on the ground. Passive techniques, such as photography, use sensors to pick up electromagnetic radiation radiating from the object under study. Active techniques, such as radar or lidar, transmit electromagnetic radiation towards the object of interest and then record the reflected part that returns to the sensor. One of the most important applications for remote sensing today is that of environmental monitoring. Geology and Earth Sciences The gathering of information without actual physical contact with what is being observed. This involves the use of radars, sonars, spectrosocopy, and the use of airborne and satellite photography. See bistatic radar; imaging; laser ranging; polarimetry; radar altimetry; radiometry; radio occultation. Geography The scanning of the Earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it. ‘Remote sensing technology is deemed to include photo interpretation, photogrammetry, aerial photography, image processing, and other related technologies in the field of survey, planning, and management of natural resources, and other areas of application where the technology is considered to be appropriate’ (Indian J. Remote Sensing).
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