“fluid mechanics”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

fluid mechanics

Physics

The study of fluids at rest and in motion. Fluid statics is concerned with the pressures and forces exerted on liquids and gases at rest. Hydrostatics is specifically concerned with the behaviour of liquids at rest. In fluid dynamics the forces exerted on fluids, and the motion that results from these forces, are examined. It can be divided into hydrodynamics, the motion of liquids (not only water), and aerodynamics, the motion of gases.

Fluid dynamics is an important science used to solve many of the problems arising in aeronautical, chemical, mechanical, and civil engineering. It also enables many natural phenomena, such as the flight of birds, the swimming of fish, and the development of weather conditions, to be studied scientifically. Considerations of fluid mechanics are also very important in many problems in astrophysics and geophysics.

Mathematics

The study of fluids—liquids and gases—whether at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (fluid dynamics). The terms hydrostatics and hydrodynamics are also used for liquids at rest or in motion, and aerodynamics for gases in motion. See Euler’s equations, Navier-Stokes equations.

Chemical Engineering

A branch of engineering science that concerns the behaviour of fluids when subjected to changes in pressure, the effects of frictional resistance, the flow through pipes, ducts, and restrictions, and the production of power. An understanding of the behaviour of fluids is critical in the cost-effective design and efficient operation of chemical plants, and includes the development and testing of theories devised to explain various phenomena. Fluid statics deals with fluids in an equilibrium state of no shear stress, whereas fluid dynamics considers fluids in relative motion. Many of the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics were established in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries by scientists such as Bernoulli, Newton, and Euler. Many of today’s fluid mechanics problems are complex, non-linear, three-dimensional, and transient. High-speed and powerful computers are increasingly used to solve complex problems particularly in computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

单词	fluid mechanics
释义	fluid mechanics Physics The study of fluids at rest and in motion. Fluid statics is concerned with the pressures and forces exerted on liquids and gases at rest. Hydrostatics is specifically concerned with the behaviour of liquids at rest. In fluid dynamics the forces exerted on fluids, and the motion that results from these forces, are examined. It can be divided into hydrodynamics, the motion of liquids (not only water), and aerodynamics, the motion of gases. Fluid dynamics is an important science used to solve many of the problems arising in aeronautical, chemical, mechanical, and civil engineering. It also enables many natural phenomena, such as the flight of birds, the swimming of fish, and the development of weather conditions, to be studied scientifically. Considerations of fluid mechanics are also very important in many problems in astrophysics and geophysics. Mathematics The study of fluids—liquids and gases—whether at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (fluid dynamics). The terms hydrostatics and hydrodynamics are also used for liquids at rest or in motion, and aerodynamics for gases in motion. See Euler’s equations, Navier-Stokes equations. Chemical Engineering A branch of engineering science that concerns the behaviour of fluids when subjected to changes in pressure, the effects of frictional resistance, the flow through pipes, ducts, and restrictions, and the production of power. An understanding of the behaviour of fluids is critical in the cost-effective design and efficient operation of chemical plants, and includes the development and testing of theories devised to explain various phenomena. Fluid statics deals with fluids in an equilibrium state of no shear stress, whereas fluid dynamics considers fluids in relative motion. Many of the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics were established in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries by scientists such as Bernoulli, Newton, and Euler. Many of today’s fluid mechanics problems are complex, non-linear, three-dimensional, and transient. High-speed and powerful computers are increasingly used to solve complex problems particularly in computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
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