In a situation where there are many hypotheses of interest (for example, in the testing of genetic material), some hypotheses may be true and others false. A hypothesis test may give an apparently significant result either by incorrectly rejecting a true hypothesis or by correctly rejecting a false hypothesis. The FDR is the proportion of the total number of rejected hypotheses that have been incorrectly rejected. The Benjamini-Hochberg test aims to control that proportion.