“exchange”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

exchange

Logic

A structural rule in sequent calculus formalizations of proof theory according to which the order of instances of formulae appearing in a cedent may be permuted without loss of generality. Where $Γ$ , $Γ^{'}$ , $Δ$ , and $Δ^{'}$ are sets of formulae and $φ$ a formula, this inference is represented as left- and right-exchange:
$\frac{Γ, φ, ψ, Γ^{'} \Rightarrow Δ}{Γ, ψ, φ, Γ^{'} \Rightarrow Δ} L-Ex \frac{Γ \Rightarrow Δ, φ, ψ, Δ^{'}}{Γ \Rightarrow Δ, ψ, φ, Δ^{'}} R-Ex$
When a sequent calculus admits exchange, cedents may be construed as either multisets or sequences without loss of generality.

Economics

1. The trade of one good or asset for another. Exchange is the most basic form of economic activity. It requires a coincidence of wants between the two parties: each must want what the other possesses. The process of exchange can be represented in an Edgeworth box. See also voluntary exchange.
2. A place where trading is carried out: thus shares were traded at the stock exchange, corn was traded at a corn exchange, and workers were hired at a labour exchange. In many cases most of the trade is nowadays done electronically, so that a stock exchange is often an institution rather than a physical place. See also commodity market.

单词	exchange
释义	exchange Logic A structural rule in sequent calculus formalizations of proof theory according to which the order of instances of formulae appearing in a cedent may be permuted without loss of generality. Where $Γ$ , $Γ^{'}$ , $Δ$ , and $Δ^{'}$ are sets of formulae and $φ$ a formula, this inference is represented as left- and right-exchange: $\frac{Γ, φ, ψ, Γ^{'} \Rightarrow Δ}{Γ, ψ, φ, Γ^{'} \Rightarrow Δ} L-Ex \frac{Γ \Rightarrow Δ, φ, ψ, Δ^{'}}{Γ \Rightarrow Δ, ψ, φ, Δ^{'}} R-Ex$ When a sequent calculus admits exchange, cedents may be construed as either multisets or sequences without loss of generality. Economics 1. The trade of one good or asset for another. Exchange is the most basic form of economic activity. It requires a coincidence of wants between the two parties: each must want what the other possesses. The process of exchange can be represented in an Edgeworth box. See also voluntary exchange. 2. A place where trading is carried out: thus shares were traded at the stock exchange, corn was traded at a corn exchange, and workers were hired at a labour exchange. In many cases most of the trade is nowadays done electronically, so that a stock exchange is often an institution rather than a physical place. See also commodity market.
随便看	geotaxis geotechnical map geotherm geothermal brine geothermal energy geothermal field geothermal flux geothermal gradient geothermic survey geothermometer geotropism geovisualization geo-web gerade geraniol geranium Gerard, Alexander (1728–95) Gerard of Cremona (1114–87) gerbil Gerdil, Giancinto Sigismondo (1718–1802) Gerhardt, Charles Frédéric Germain-en-Laye, St, Treaty of Germain, (Marie) Sophie (1776–1831) Germain prime, Sophie Germain, Sophie Marie