“elongation”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

elongation

Astronomy

1. The angle between the Sun and a body in the Solar System, as seen from Earth. Elongations are measured from 0° to 180° east or west of the Sun, in the plane passing through the Sun, Earth, and the body. When a body is in conjunction with the Sun, its elongation is 0°; at opposition its elongation is 180°; and when at quadrature its elongation is 90° east or west. Greatest elongation is the maximum angular separation of Mercury or Venus from the Sun, either west or east.

2. The angle between a planet and a satellite, as seen from Earth. Elongations are measured from 0° east or west of the planet, in the plane passing through the planet, Earth, and the satellite.

Biology

1. (in protein synthesis) The phase in which amino acids are linked together by sequentially formed peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain (see translation). Elongation factors are proteins that—by binding to a tRNA-amino-acid complex—enable the correct positioning of this complex on the ribosome, so that translation can proceed. The key peptidyltransferase reaction required for formation of the peptide bond is catalysed not by a protein but by the large RNA subunit of the ribosome.
2. See transcription.

单词	elongation
释义	elongation Astronomy 1. The angle between the Sun and a body in the Solar System, as seen from Earth. Elongations are measured from 0° to 180° east or west of the Sun, in the plane passing through the Sun, Earth, and the body. When a body is in conjunction with the Sun, its elongation is 0°; at opposition its elongation is 180°; and when at quadrature its elongation is 90° east or west. Greatest elongation is the maximum angular separation of Mercury or Venus from the Sun, either west or east. 2. The angle between a planet and a satellite, as seen from Earth. Elongations are measured from 0° east or west of the planet, in the plane passing through the planet, Earth, and the satellite. Biology 1. (in protein synthesis) The phase in which amino acids are linked together by sequentially formed peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain (see translation). Elongation factors are proteins that—by binding to a tRNA-amino-acid complex—enable the correct positioning of this complex on the ribosome, so that translation can proceed. The key peptidyltransferase reaction required for formation of the peptide bond is catalysed not by a protein but by the large RNA subunit of the ribosome. 2. See transcription.
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