“electrophoresis”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

electrophoresis

Physics

A technique for the analysis and separation of colloids, based on the movement of charged colloidal particles in an electric field. There are various experimental methods. In one the sample is placed in a U-tube and a buffer solution added to each arm, so that there are sharp boundaries between buffer and sample. An electrode is placed in each arm, a voltage applied, and the motion of the boundaries under the influence of the field is observed. The rate of migration of the particles depends on the field, the charge on the particles, and on other factors, such as the size and shape of the particles. More simply, electrophoresis can be carried out using an adsorbent, such as a strip of filter paper, soaked in a buffer with two electrodes making contact. The sample is placed between the electrodes and a voltage applied. Different components of the mixture migrate at different rates, so the sample separates into zones. The components can be identified by the rate at which they move. This technique has also been known as electrochromatography.

Electrophoresis is used extensively in studying mixtures of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, etc. In clinical medicine it is used for determining the protein content of body fluids.

Chemistry

A technique for the analysis and separation of colloids, based on the movement of charged colloidal particles in an electric field. There are various experimental methods. In one the sample is placed in a U-tube and a buffer solution added to each arm, so that there are sharp boundaries between buffer and sample. An electrode is placed in each arm, a voltage applied, and the motion of the boundaries under the influence of the field is observed. The rate of migration of the particles depends on the field, the charge on the particles, and on other factors, such as the size and shape of the particles. More simply, electrophoresis can be carried out using an adsorbent, such as a strip of filter paper, soaked in a buffer with two electrodes making contact. The sample is placed between the electrodes and a voltage applied. Different components of the mixture migrate at different rates, so the sample separates into zones. The components can be identified by the rate at which they move. In gel electrophoresis the medium is a gel, typically made of polyacrylamide (see PAGE), agarose, or starch.
Electrophoresis, which has also been called electrochromatography, is used extensively in studying mixtures of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, etc. In clinical medicine it is used for determining the protein content of body fluids.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

The movement of colloidal particles in a liquid under the influence of an electric field. Positively charged particles migrate to the cathode (cataphoresis) and negatively charged ones to the anode (anaphoresis).

Biology

A technique for the analysis and separation of colloids, based on the movement of charged colloidal particles in an electric field. There are various experimental methods. At its simplest the sample is placed in a U-tube and a buffer solution added to each arm, so that there are sharp boundaries between buffer and sample. An electrode is placed in each arm, a voltage applied, and the motion of the boundaries under the influence of the field is observed. The rate of migration of the particles depends on the field, the charge on the particles, and on other factors, such as the size and shape of the particles. Electrophoresis can also be carried out using an adsorbent, such as a strip of filter paper, soaked in a buffer with two electrodes making contact. The sample is placed between the electrodes and a voltage applied. Different components of the mixture migrate at different rates, so the sample separates into zones. The components can be identified by the rate at which they move. In gel electrophoresis the medium is a gel, typically made of polyacrylamide, agarose, or starch.
Electrophoresis, which has also been called electrochromatography, is used extensively in studying mixtures of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, etc. In clinical medicine it is used for determining the protein content of body fluids. In modern automated DNA sequencers, electrophoresis is carried out in capillary tubes, typically less than 0.5 mm in diameter and about 48 cm long, containing a gel. See dna sequencing.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The migration, under the influence of an electric field, of charged particles within a stationary liquid. The liquid may be a normal solution or held upon a porous medium (e.g. starch, acrylamide gel, or cellulose acetate). The rate at which migration occurs varies according to the charge on the particle and also its size and shape. The phenomenon is exploited in a variety of analytical and preparative techniques employed in studies of macromolecules.

单词	electrophoresis
释义	electrophoresis Physics A technique for the analysis and separation of colloids, based on the movement of charged colloidal particles in an electric field. There are various experimental methods. In one the sample is placed in a U-tube and a buffer solution added to each arm, so that there are sharp boundaries between buffer and sample. An electrode is placed in each arm, a voltage applied, and the motion of the boundaries under the influence of the field is observed. The rate of migration of the particles depends on the field, the charge on the particles, and on other factors, such as the size and shape of the particles. More simply, electrophoresis can be carried out using an adsorbent, such as a strip of filter paper, soaked in a buffer with two electrodes making contact. The sample is placed between the electrodes and a voltage applied. Different components of the mixture migrate at different rates, so the sample separates into zones. The components can be identified by the rate at which they move. This technique has also been known as electrochromatography. Electrophoresis is used extensively in studying mixtures of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, etc. In clinical medicine it is used for determining the protein content of body fluids. Chemistry A technique for the analysis and separation of colloids, based on the movement of charged colloidal particles in an electric field. There are various experimental methods. In one the sample is placed in a U-tube and a buffer solution added to each arm, so that there are sharp boundaries between buffer and sample. An electrode is placed in each arm, a voltage applied, and the motion of the boundaries under the influence of the field is observed. The rate of migration of the particles depends on the field, the charge on the particles, and on other factors, such as the size and shape of the particles. More simply, electrophoresis can be carried out using an adsorbent, such as a strip of filter paper, soaked in a buffer with two electrodes making contact. The sample is placed between the electrodes and a voltage applied. Different components of the mixture migrate at different rates, so the sample separates into zones. The components can be identified by the rate at which they move. In gel electrophoresis the medium is a gel, typically made of polyacrylamide (see PAGE), agarose, or starch. Electrophoresis, which has also been called electrochromatography, is used extensively in studying mixtures of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, etc. In clinical medicine it is used for determining the protein content of body fluids. Electronics and Electrical Engineering The movement of colloidal particles in a liquid under the influence of an electric field. Positively charged particles migrate to the cathode (cataphoresis) and negatively charged ones to the anode (anaphoresis). Biology A technique for the analysis and separation of colloids, based on the movement of charged colloidal particles in an electric field. There are various experimental methods. At its simplest the sample is placed in a U-tube and a buffer solution added to each arm, so that there are sharp boundaries between buffer and sample. An electrode is placed in each arm, a voltage applied, and the motion of the boundaries under the influence of the field is observed. The rate of migration of the particles depends on the field, the charge on the particles, and on other factors, such as the size and shape of the particles. Electrophoresis can also be carried out using an adsorbent, such as a strip of filter paper, soaked in a buffer with two electrodes making contact. The sample is placed between the electrodes and a voltage applied. Different components of the mixture migrate at different rates, so the sample separates into zones. The components can be identified by the rate at which they move. In gel electrophoresis the medium is a gel, typically made of polyacrylamide, agarose, or starch. Electrophoresis, which has also been called electrochromatography, is used extensively in studying mixtures of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, etc. In clinical medicine it is used for determining the protein content of body fluids. In modern automated DNA sequencers, electrophoresis is carried out in capillary tubes, typically less than 0.5 mm in diameter and about 48 cm long, containing a gel. See dna sequencing. Geology and Earth Sciences The migration, under the influence of an electric field, of charged particles within a stationary liquid. The liquid may be a normal solution or held upon a porous medium (e.g. starch, acrylamide gel, or cellulose acetate). The rate at which migration occurs varies according to the charge on the particle and also its size and shape. The phenomenon is exploited in a variety of analytical and preparative techniques employed in studies of macromolecules.
随便看	La Mettrie, Julien Offroy de (1709–51) lamin lamina laminar flow laminate laminated core lamination laminin laminite laminoid fenestrae Lami’s Theorem Lamont, Johann von LAMOST La Mothe le Vayer, François de (1588–1672) LAMP lamp lamp black lampbrush chromosome lamprey lamprophyre lamp shells Lamy, Bernard (1640–1715) Lamé constant LAN Lancaster, Oliver Henry (1913–2001)