“electron capture”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

electron capture

Physics

1. The formation of a negative ion by an atom or molecule when it acquires an extra free electron.

2. A radioactive transformation in which a nucleus acquires an electron from an inner orbit of the atom, thereby transforming, initially, into a nucleus with the same mass number but an atomic number one less than that of the original nucleus (capture of the electron transforms a proton into a neutron). This type of capture is accompanied by emission of an X-ray photon as the vacancy in the inner orbit is filled by an outer electron.

Chemistry

1. The formation of a negative ion by an atom or molecule when it acquires an extra free electron.
2. A radioactive transformation in which a nucleus acquires an electron from an inner orbit of the atom, thereby transforming, initially, into a nucleus with the same mass number but an atomic number one less than that of the original nucleus (capture of the electron transforms a proton into a neutron). This type of capture is accompanied by emission of an X-ray photon or Auger electron as the vacancy in the inner orbit is filled by an outer electron.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

See recombination processes.

Geology and Earth Sciences

A mechanism by which a nucleus can decrease its proton number and increase its neutron number by capturing one of its extranuclear electrons. The process can be envisaged as the reaction between an extranuclear electron and a proton in the nucleus to form a neutron and a neutrino, the neutrino then being emitted from the nucleus. The event may leave the product nucleus in an excited state, and this is then followed by the emission of a gamma ray. Removal of an extranuclear electron from the k-shell, or from higher-energy shells, leaves a vacancy that is subsequently filled by other electrons that fall into the vacant position. In the process these electrons emit a series of X-rays that can be detected.

单词	electron capture
释义	electron capture Physics 1. The formation of a negative ion by an atom or molecule when it acquires an extra free electron. 2. A radioactive transformation in which a nucleus acquires an electron from an inner orbit of the atom, thereby transforming, initially, into a nucleus with the same mass number but an atomic number one less than that of the original nucleus (capture of the electron transforms a proton into a neutron). This type of capture is accompanied by emission of an X-ray photon as the vacancy in the inner orbit is filled by an outer electron. Chemistry 1. The formation of a negative ion by an atom or molecule when it acquires an extra free electron. 2. A radioactive transformation in which a nucleus acquires an electron from an inner orbit of the atom, thereby transforming, initially, into a nucleus with the same mass number but an atomic number one less than that of the original nucleus (capture of the electron transforms a proton into a neutron). This type of capture is accompanied by emission of an X-ray photon or Auger electron as the vacancy in the inner orbit is filled by an outer electron. Electronics and Electrical Engineering See recombination processes. Geology and Earth Sciences A mechanism by which a nucleus can decrease its proton number and increase its neutron number by capturing one of its extranuclear electrons. The process can be envisaged as the reaction between an extranuclear electron and a proton in the nucleus to form a neutron and a neutrino, the neutrino then being emitted from the nucleus. The event may leave the product nucleus in an excited state, and this is then followed by the emission of a gamma ray. Removal of an extranuclear electron from the k-shell, or from higher-energy shells, leaves a vacancy that is subsequently filled by other electrons that fall into the vacant position. In the process these electrons emit a series of X-rays that can be detected.
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