According to the last of the four noble truths of Buddhism, the eightfold path is the key to release from suffering. Its elements are

1. (i) the right or perfect view of the four noble truths, and of the nature of the self (atman);

2. (ii) perfect resolution in favour of renunciation and ahimsa;

3. (iii) perfect speech, i.e. avoidance of lying and slander;

4. (iv) perfect conduct;

5. (v) perfect livelihood, i.e. avoidance of harmful professions;

6. (vi) perfect effort;

7. (vii) perfect mindfulness or control of thought; and

8. (viii) perfect concentration, or attainment of the contemplative ideal.

The eightfold path is not a linear progression, but a separation of the different elements needed to live a life released from suffering.