“Clausius–Mossotti equation”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Clausius–Mossotti equation

Physics

A relation between the polarizability α‎ of a molecule and the dielectric constant (see permittivity), ε‎ of a dielectric substance made up of molecules with this polarizability. The Clausius–Mossotti equation is usually written in the form

$α = (3 / 4 π N) / [(ε - 1) / (ε - 2)],$

where N is the number of molecules per unit volume. The equation provides a link between a microscopic quantity (the polarizability) and a macroscopic quantity (the dielectric constant); it was derived using macroscopic electrostatics by the Italian physicist Ottaviano Fabrizio Mossotti (1791–1863) in 1850 and independently by R. Clausius in 1879. It works best for gases and is only approximately true for liquids or solids, particularly if the dielectric constant is large. Compare Lorentz–Lorenz equation.

Chemistry

A relation between the polarizability α‎ of a molecule and the dielectric constant ε‎ of a dielectric substance made up of molecules with this polarizability. The Clausius–Mossotti equation can be written in the form
$N α / 3 = (ε - 1) / (ε + 2)$
where N is the number of molecules per unit volume. The equation provides a link between a microscopic quantity (the polarizability) and a macroscopic quantity (the dielectric constant); it was derived using macroscopic electrostatics by the Italian physicist Ottaviano Fabrizio Mossotti (1791–1863) in 1850 and independently by Rudolf Clausius in 1879. It works best for gases and is only approximately true for liquids or solids, particularly if the dielectric constant is large. Compare Lorentz-Lorenz equation.

单词	Clausius–Mossotti equation
释义	Clausius–Mossotti equation Physics A relation between the polarizability α‎ of a molecule and the dielectric constant (see permittivity), ε‎ of a dielectric substance made up of molecules with this polarizability. The Clausius–Mossotti equation is usually written in the form $α = (3 / 4 π N) / [(ε - 1) / (ε - 2)],$ where N is the number of molecules per unit volume. The equation provides a link between a microscopic quantity (the polarizability) and a macroscopic quantity (the dielectric constant); it was derived using macroscopic electrostatics by the Italian physicist Ottaviano Fabrizio Mossotti (1791–1863) in 1850 and independently by R. Clausius in 1879. It works best for gases and is only approximately true for liquids or solids, particularly if the dielectric constant is large. Compare Lorentz–Lorenz equation. Chemistry A relation between the polarizability α‎ of a molecule and the dielectric constant ε‎ of a dielectric substance made up of molecules with this polarizability. The Clausius–Mossotti equation can be written in the form $N α / 3 = (ε - 1) / (ε + 2)$ where N is the number of molecules per unit volume. The equation provides a link between a microscopic quantity (the polarizability) and a macroscopic quantity (the dielectric constant); it was derived using macroscopic electrostatics by the Italian physicist Ottaviano Fabrizio Mossotti (1791–1863) in 1850 and independently by Rudolf Clausius in 1879. It works best for gases and is only approximately true for liquids or solids, particularly if the dielectric constant is large. Compare Lorentz-Lorenz equation.
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