“deuterium”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

deuterium

Physics

Symbol D. The isotope of hydrogen that has a mass number 2 (r.a.m. 2.0144). Its nucleus contains one proton and one neutron. The abundance of deuterium in natural hydrogen is about 0.015%. It is present in water as the oxide HDO (see also heavy water), from which it is usually obtained by electrolysis or fractional distillation. Its chemical behaviour is almost identical to hydrogen although deuterium compounds tend to react rather more slowly than the corresponding hydrogen compounds. Its physical properties are slightly different from those of hydrogen, e.g. b.p. 23.6 K (hydrogen 20.4 K).

Astronomy

An isotope of hydrogen, the nucleus of which is composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuterium is expected to have been produced in the Big Bang as a by-product of the nuclear reactions that produce helium. This makes it potentially important as a test of the Big Bang model, because deuterium cannot easily be made in stars, and any significant quantity of deuterium observed today is therefore presumably of primordial origin.

Chemistry

The isotope of hydrogen that has a mass number 2 (r.a.m. 2.0144). Its nucleus contains one proton and one neutron. The abundance of deuterium in natural hydrogen is about 0.015%. It is present in water as the oxide HDO (see also heavy water), from which it is usually obtained by electrolysis or fractional distillation. Its chemical behaviour is almost identical to hydrogen although deuterium compounds tend to react rather more slowly than the corresponding hydrogen compounds. Its physical properties are slightly different from those of hydrogen, e.g. b.p. 23.6 K (hydrogen 20.4 K).

Chemical Engineering

Heavy isotope of hydrogen with a mass about double that of ordinary hydrogen and is sometimes known as heavy hydrogen. A deuterated compound is a compound in which some or all of the hydrogen-1 atoms have been replaced by deuterium atoms. Heavy water is water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium oxide (D₂O). It is found naturally in water in very small amounts, and can be separated and concentrated by fractional distillation or by electrolytic separation; it is used as a moderator in the nuclear industry due to its ability to reduce the energy of fast-moving neutrons.

单词	deuterium
释义	deuterium Physics Symbol D. The isotope of hydrogen that has a mass number 2 (r.a.m. 2.0144). Its nucleus contains one proton and one neutron. The abundance of deuterium in natural hydrogen is about 0.015%. It is present in water as the oxide HDO (see also heavy water), from which it is usually obtained by electrolysis or fractional distillation. Its chemical behaviour is almost identical to hydrogen although deuterium compounds tend to react rather more slowly than the corresponding hydrogen compounds. Its physical properties are slightly different from those of hydrogen, e.g. b.p. 23.6 K (hydrogen 20.4 K). Astronomy An isotope of hydrogen, the nucleus of which is composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuterium is expected to have been produced in the Big Bang as a by-product of the nuclear reactions that produce helium. This makes it potentially important as a test of the Big Bang model, because deuterium cannot easily be made in stars, and any significant quantity of deuterium observed today is therefore presumably of primordial origin. Chemistry The isotope of hydrogen that has a mass number 2 (r.a.m. 2.0144). Its nucleus contains one proton and one neutron. The abundance of deuterium in natural hydrogen is about 0.015%. It is present in water as the oxide HDO (see also heavy water), from which it is usually obtained by electrolysis or fractional distillation. Its chemical behaviour is almost identical to hydrogen although deuterium compounds tend to react rather more slowly than the corresponding hydrogen compounds. Its physical properties are slightly different from those of hydrogen, e.g. b.p. 23.6 K (hydrogen 20.4 K). Chemical Engineering Heavy isotope of hydrogen with a mass about double that of ordinary hydrogen and is sometimes known as heavy hydrogen. A deuterated compound is a compound in which some or all of the hydrogen-1 atoms have been replaced by deuterium atoms. Heavy water is water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium oxide (D₂O). It is found naturally in water in very small amounts, and can be separated and concentrated by fractional distillation or by electrolytic separation; it is used as a moderator in the nuclear industry due to its ability to reduce the energy of fast-moving neutrons.
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