A liquid evaporation process unit with a vertical bundle of tubes 2-3 inches (5-8 centimeters) in diameter and 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters) long; the heating fluid is inside the tubes, and the liquid to be evaporated is in the shell area outside the tubes; used mainly to evaporate cane-sugar juice. Also known as calandria evaporator; Roberts evaporator; standard evaporator.