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投入产出技术
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投入产出技术
Encyclopedia
理学
运筹学方法
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input-output technique
投入产出技术
投入产出技术中的投入是指一个系统进行一项活动的消耗,如生产过程的投入是指在进行某项生产活动时对各种原材料、电力和服务等的消耗。总投入包括中间投入与最初投入两部分。中间投入(intermediate input)是指生产过程中对系统各部门产出的消耗。最初投入(primary input)是指生产过程中对初始要素,如固定资产、劳动等的消耗。产出是指进行一项活动的结果,如生产活动的结果为本系统各部门生产的产品(物质产品和服务)。各项经济活动的投入与产出之间具有一定的数量规律性。由美国科学家W.W.里昂惕夫于1936年创立。里昂惕夫因此获得1973年诺贝尔经济科学奖。
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