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回溯搜索也称为回溯算法，是一种经典算法，常见于各类算法教科书。一般用于求解离散问题，也即变量取值是离散值的问题，尤其适用于求解约束满足和约束优化问题。回溯算法以树形结构系统地对包含所有解的解空间进行搜索，每个叶子代表一个候选解，也即具备完整解的形式但不一定是解，每个解都对应于树形解空间的某个叶子。回溯算法系统地搜索树形解空间，目标是找出对应问题的解（或最优解）的叶子。
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